The test coupon is the "standard sample" for evaluating cathodic protection effectiveness. It uses metal coupons of the same material as the protected structure, buried in the same corrosive environment as the pipeline; by periodic weighing or coupling with a reference electrode to measure potential / polarization, it quantitatively evaluates whether CP meets the criterion and the actual corrosion rate. It is widely used in long-distance pipelines, oil storage tanks, offshore platforms, underground networks and other CP systems for effectiveness verification.